Phrase (used in writing and formal speech only) (Intermediate ㊥ 245)
A phrase that is used to indicate that an action/state mentioned in the topic phrase or clause is nothing but something.
Equivalent: Be nothing but ~; be simply ~
| (i) (Nounは)Noun | にはかならない | |
| (彼の話は)冗談にはかならない | His talk is nothing but a joke | |
| (ii) ~のは~から | にはかならない | |
| 働くのはお金が欲しいにはかならない | The reason that we work is simply because we want money | |
| (iii) ~は~こと | にはかならない | |
| 読書は著者と対話することにはかならない | Reading is nothing but a dialogue with the author |
